---
name: network-analysis-f632e1f323f0
description: Analyze network structures, identify communities, measure centrality, and visualize relationships for social networks and organizational structures
---

# Network Analysis

## Overview

This skill enables analysis of network structures to identify communities, measure centrality, detect influential nodes, and visualize complex relationships in social networks, organizational structures, and interconnected systems.

## When to Use

- Analyzing social networks to identify influential users and community structures
- Mapping organizational hierarchies and identifying key connectors or bottlenecks
- Studying citation networks to find impactful research papers and collaboration patterns
- Building recommendation systems based on network relationships and similarities
- Analyzing supply chain networks to optimize logistics and identify vulnerabilities
- Detecting fraud patterns through network analysis of financial transactions

## Network Concepts

- **Nodes**: Individual entities
- **Edges**: Connections/relationships
- **Degree**: Number of connections
- **Centrality**: Node importance measures
- **Community**: Densely connected groups
- **Clustering Coefficient**: Local density

## Key Metrics

- **Degree Centrality**: Number of connections
- **Betweenness Centrality**: Control over paths
- **Closeness Centrality**: Average distance to others
- **Eigenvector Centrality**: Connections to important nodes
- **Modularity**: Community structure strength

## Implementation with Python

```python
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import networkx as nx
from collections import defaultdict, Counter
import seaborn as sns

# Create sample network (social network)
G = nx.Graph()

# Add nodes with attributes
nodes = [
    ('Alice', {'role': 'Manager', 'dept': 'Sales'}),
    ('Bob', {'role': 'Engineer', 'dept': 'Tech'}),
    ('Carol', {'role': 'Designer', 'dept': 'Design'}),
    ('David', {'role': 'Engineer', 'dept': 'Tech'}),
    ('Eve', {'role': 'Analyst', 'dept': 'Sales'}),
    ('Frank', {'role': 'Manager', 'dept': 'HR'}),
    ('Grace', {'role': 'Designer', 'dept': 'Design'}),
    ('Henry', {'role': 'Engineer', 'dept': 'Tech'}),
    ('Iris', {'role': 'Analyst', 'dept': 'Sales'}),
    ('Jack', {'role': 'Manager', 'dept': 'Finance'}),
]

for node, attrs in nodes:
    G.add_node(node, **attrs)

# Add edges (relationships)
edges = [
    ('Alice', 'Bob'), ('Alice', 'Carol'), ('Alice', 'Eve'),
    ('Bob', 'David'), ('Bob', 'Henry'), ('Carol', 'Grace'),
    ('David', 'Henry'), ('Eve', 'Iris'), ('Frank', 'Jack'),
    ('Grace', 'Carol'), ('Alice', 'Frank'), ('Bob', 'Carol'),
    ('Eve', 'Alice'), ('Iris', 'Eve'), ('Jack', 'Frank'),
    ('Henry', 'David'), ('Carol', 'David'),
]

G.add_edges_from(edges)

print("Network Summary:")
print(f"Nodes: {G.number_of_nodes()}")
print(f"Edges: {G.number_of_edges()}")
print(f"Density: {nx.density(G):.2%}")

# 1. Degree Centrality
degree_centrality = nx.degree_centrality(G)
print("\n1. Degree Centrality (Top 5):")
for node, score in sorted(degree_centrality.items(), key=lambda x: x[1], reverse=True)[:5]:
    print(f"  {node}: {score:.3f}")

# 2. Betweenness Centrality (control over network)
betweenness_centrality = nx.betweenness_centrality(G)
print("\n2. Betweenness Centrality (Top 5):")
for node, score in sorted(betweenness_centrality.items(), key=lambda x: x[1], reverse=True)[:5]:
    print(f"  {node}: {score:.3f}")

# 3. Closeness Centrality (average distance to others)
closeness_centrality = nx.closeness_centrality(G)
print("\n3. Closeness Centrality (Top 5):")
for node, score in sorted(closeness_centrality.items(), key=lambda x: x[1], reverse=True)[:5]:
    print(f"  {node}: {score:.3f}")

# 4. Eigenvector Centrality
try:
    eigenvector_centrality = nx.eigenvector_centrality(G, max_iter=100)
    print("\n4. Eigenvector Centrality (Top 5):")
    for node, score in sorted(eigenvector_centrality.items(), key=lambda x: x[1], reverse=True)[:5]:
        print(f"  {node}: {score:.3f}")
except:
    print("\n4. Eigenvector Centrality: Not converged")

# 5. Community Detection (using modularity)
from networkx.algorithms import community

communities = list(community.greedy_modularity_communities(G))
print(f"\n5. Community Detection:")
print(f"Number of communities: {len(communities)}")
for i, comm in enumerate(communities):
    print(f"  Community {i+1}: {list(comm)}")

# 6. Network Statistics
degrees = [G.degree(n) for n in G.nodes()]
print(f"\n6. Network Statistics:")
print(f"Average Degree: {np.mean(degrees):.2f}")
print(f"Max Degree: {max(degrees)}")
print(f"Min Degree: {min(degrees)}")
print(f"Clustering Coefficient: {nx.average_clustering(G):.3f}")
print(f"Number of Triangles: {sum(nx.triangles(G).values()) // 3}")

# Visualization
fig, axes = plt.subplots(2, 2, figsize=(15, 12))

# Network layout
pos = nx.spring_layout(G, k=0.5, iterations=50, seed=42)

# 1. Network Graph (colored by degree)
ax = axes[0, 0]
node_colors = [degree_centrality[node] for node in G.nodes()]
nx.draw_networkx_nodes(G, pos, node_color=node_colors, node_size=1000, cmap='YlOrRd', ax=ax)
nx.draw_networkx_edges(G, pos, alpha=0.5, ax=ax)
nx.draw_networkx_labels(G, pos, font_size=8, ax=ax)
ax.set_title('Network Graph (Colored by Degree Centrality)')
ax.axis('off')

# 2. Network Graph (colored by communities)
ax = axes[0, 1]
color_map = []
colors = plt.cm.Set3(np.linspace(0, 1, len(communities)))
node_to_color = {}
for i, comm in enumerate(communities):
    for node in comm:
        node_to_color[node] = colors[i]
color_map = [node_to_color[node] for node in G.nodes()]

nx.draw_networkx_nodes(G, pos, node_color=color_map, node_size=1000, ax=ax)
nx.draw_networkx_edges(G, pos, alpha=0.5, ax=ax)
nx.draw_networkx_labels(G, pos, font_size=8, ax=ax)
ax.set_title('Network Graph (Colored by Community)')
ax.axis('off')

# 3. Centrality Comparison
ax = axes[1, 0]
centrality_df = pd.DataFrame({
    'Degree': degree_centrality,
    'Betweenness': betweenness_centrality,
    'Closeness': closeness_centrality,
}).head(8)

centrality_df.plot(kind='barh', ax=ax, width=0.8)
ax.set_xlabel('Centrality Score')
ax.set_title('Top 8 Nodes - Centrality Comparison')
ax.legend(loc='lower right')
ax.grid(True, alpha=0.3, axis='x')

# 4. Degree Distribution
ax = axes[1, 1]
degree_sequence = sorted([d for n, d in G.degree()], reverse=True)
degree_count = Counter(degree_sequence)
degrees_unique = sorted(degree_count.keys())
counts = [degree_count[d] for d in degrees_unique]

ax.bar(degrees_unique, counts, color='steelblue', edgecolor='black', alpha=0.7)
ax.set_xlabel('Degree')
ax.set_ylabel('Count')
ax.set_title('Degree Distribution')
ax.grid(True, alpha=0.3, axis='y')

plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()

# 7. Path Analysis
print(f"\n7. Path Analysis:")
try:
    shortest_path = nx.shortest_path_length(G, 'Alice', 'Jack')
    print(f"Shortest path from Alice to Jack: {shortest_path}")
except nx.NetworkXNoPath:
    print("No path exists between nodes")

# 8. Connectivity Analysis
print(f"\n8. Connectivity Analysis:")
print(f"Is connected: {nx.is_connected(G)}")
num_components = nx.number_connected_components(G)
print(f"Number of connected components: {num_components}")

# 9. Similarity Measures
def jaccard_similarity(node1, node2):
    neighbors1 = set(G.neighbors(node1)) | {node1}
    neighbors2 = set(G.neighbors(node2)) | {node2}
    intersection = len(neighbors1 & neighbors2)
    union = len(neighbors1 | neighbors2)
    return intersection / union if union > 0 else 0

print(f"\n9. Node Similarity (Jaccard):")
print(f"Alice & Bob: {jaccard_similarity('Alice', 'Bob'):.3f}")
print(f"Alice & Jack: {jaccard_similarity('Alice', 'Jack'):.3f}")

# 10. Influence Score (Combination of metrics)
influence_score = {}
for node in G.nodes():
    score = (degree_centrality[node] * 0.4 +
             betweenness_centrality[node] * 0.3 +
             closeness_centrality[node] * 0.3)
    influence_score[node] = score

print(f"\n10. Influence Score (Top 5):")
for node, score in sorted(influence_score.items(), key=lambda x: x[1], reverse=True)[:5]:
    print(f"  {node}: {score:.3f}")

# Summary
print("\n" + "="*50)
print("NETWORK ANALYSIS SUMMARY")
print("="*50)
print(f"Most influential: {max(influence_score, key=influence_score.get)}")
print(f"Most connected: {max(degree_centrality, key=degree_centrality.get)}")
print(f"Network bottleneck: {max(betweenness_centrality, key=betweenness_centrality.get)}")
print(f"Closest to all: {max(closeness_centrality, key=closeness_centrality.get)}")
print("="*50)
```

## Centrality Measures

- **Degree**: Direct connections only
- **Betweenness**: Bridges between groups
- **Closeness**: Access to network
- **Eigenvector**: Connected to important nodes
- **PageRank**: Random walk probability

## Community Detection

- **Modularity Optimization**: Find dense groups
- **Louvain Algorithm**: Hierarchical communities
- **K-clique**: Overlapping communities
- **Spectral**: Eigenvalue-based

## Applications

- Social network analysis
- Organizational structures
- Citation networks
- Recommendation networks
- Supply chain analysis

## Deliverables

- Network visualization
- Centrality analysis
- Community detection results
- Connectivity metrics
- Influence rankings
- Key node identification
- Network statistics summary


---
Source attribution: aj-geddes
Original project: https://github.com/aj-geddes/useful-ai-prompts/blob/3f5182cfd739fc113f4af5244a1cf342ad7f7911/skills/network-analysis/SKILL.md
License: MIT
License information: https://opensource.org/license/mit
Original upstream instructions; downloaded from Dave AI.

## Upstream license notice

MIT License

Copyright (c) 2025 AJ Geddes

Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:

The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
copies or substantial portions of the Software.

THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
SOFTWARE.


# Dave AI resource metadata

Creator / publisher: aj-geddes
Original project: https://github.com/aj-geddes/useful-ai-prompts/blob/3f5182cfd739fc113f4af5244a1cf342ad7f7911/skills/network-analysis/SKILL.md
Attribution basis: Source repository record

Fields of work: Data & Analytics, Marketing, Operations, Product Management
Roles: Business Process Analyst, Data Analyst, Growth Marketer, Market Research Analyst, Product Manager
Specialties: API, Database
Tools: Matplotlib, Networkx, Numpy, Pandas, Seaborn
Country applicability: Country not specified
Classification basis: Source catalog labels
Instruction SHA-256: 9fa5c3b69462d95b5276424a9169b50e4171eb1a57aba84a23f53943c728f06d